Reog (Ponorogo)
Reog is one of the cultural arts that originated from East Java and the north-west part Ponorogo Reog regarded as the true home town. The city gate was decorated by the figure Ponorogo Warok and gemblak, two figures who have appeared at the time reog performed. Reog is one of the local culture in Indonesia is still very thick with the smell of things mystical and powerful mysticism.
History
Basically there are five versions of the popular story that develops in the community about the origins and Warog Reog, but one of the most famous story is the story of the rebellion Ki Ageng Fleas, a royal servant during Bhre Kertabhumi, last king of Majapahit who ruled in the second century -15. Ki Ageng Fleas will anger the powerful influence of the Chinese partner in the government and its king, king of the corrupt behavior, he also saw that the power of the Majapahit Kingdom will be terminated. He then left the king and founded the university where he taught young children martial arts, science, self-immunity, and the science of perfection in the hope that these young children will be the seeds of revival again later Majapahit kingdom. Realizing that his forces were too small to fight the royal troops Ki Ageng the political message conveyed through the performing arts Flea Reog, which is a "hint" to the King and his kingdom Kertabumi Bra. Performances Reog become a way of Ki Ageng Flea build local resistance using Reog popularity.
In the show displayed Reog shaped head of a lion mask, known as "Singa Barong", the king of the jungle, which became a symbol for Kertabumi, and above it is plugged in peacock feathers to resemble a giant fan that symbolized the powerful influence of his Chinese colleagues who manage the over all movement geriknya. Jatilan, played by a group of dancers gemblak a rocking-horse became a symbol of the power of the Majapahit Empire troops who became Warok contrast ratio with the power, behind the red clown mask that has become a symbol for Ki Ageng Fleas, alone and sustain the weight that reached more masks singabarong of 50kg using only his teeth. Ki Ageng Reog popularity eventually caused Kertabumi Lice take action and attack perguruannya, a revolt by Warok quickly resolved, and forbidden to continue teaching college will Warok. But the disciples Ki Ageng lice continues it secretly. Even so, art is still allowed to own Reognya staged because the show has become popular among the public, but the way the story has added a new channel in which the characters from folklore Kelono Sewondono Ponorogo namely, the Goddess Songgolangit, and Sri Genthayu.
Official version of the story line Reog Ponorogo now is the story of King Ponorogo who intend to apply daughter Kediri, Dewi Ragil Yellow, but amid the journey he was intercepted by King Singabarong from Kediri. King Singabarong forces consist of peacocks and lions, while the part of the Kingdom of Ponorogo King and his Deputy Kelono Bujanganom, escorted by Warok (men dressed in black in the dance), and this Warok deadly black magic. The whole dance is a dance of war between the kingdom and the kingdom of Kediri Ponorogo, and pitted black magic between them, the dancers in a state of 'trance' during the dance stage.
Until now, people just follow what Ponorogo into their heritage as a very rich cultural inheritance. In his experience art is copyright Reog human creations that form the flow of an existing trust from generation to generation and maintained. The ceremony also use terms that are not easy for common people to meet them without a clear lineage. Parental lineage they embrace and customary law which still applies.
Performance Art Reog
Modern Reog usually performed in several events such as weddings, circumcisions and National holidays. Art Reog Ponorogo consists of several series of two to three opening dances. The first dance is usually performed by brave men with a 6-8 all-black clothes, with faces painted red. The dancer depicts the figure of a courageous lion. Next is a dance which was performed by 6-8 girls who boarded horses. In reog Traditionally, these dancers are usually played by male dancers who dressed women. This dance is called the braid horse dance, which should be distinguished from other dances are lumping horse dance. Other opening dance if there is usually a dance by a little boy who brought the funny scenes.
After the opening dance finished, the new core scenes whose content is displayed depends reog condition where art is displayed. If associated with the wedding scene shown is romance. To feast circumcision or circumcision, is usually a story of warriors,
Reog art scene in the scenario usually does not follow the well-organized. Here there is always interaction between the player and the puppeteer (usually the leader of the group) and sometimes with an audience. Sometimes a player's performances can be replaced by other players if the players are exhausted. More emphasis in the staging reog art is to give satisfaction to the audience.
Last scene is a lion barong, where the perpetrator wore a mask-shaped head of a lion with a crown made of peacock feathers. The weight of this mask can reach 50-60 kg. This heavy mask carried by the dancers with their teeth. The ability to bring this mask other than the weight gained by training, is also believed diproleh with spiritual practices like fasting and penance.
Controversy
Similar dances are danced Reog Ponorogo in Malaysia called Dance Barongan. This dance is also using a mask suddenly peacock, which is headed tiger mask on which there are peacock feathers. Descriptions and photographs of this dance is shown in the official website of the Ministry of Culture Arts and Heritage Malaysia.
Controversy arises because the sudden peacock mask to the official website there are the words "Malaysia", and acknowledged the heritage community of Stone chisels, Johor and Selangor, Malaysia. This triggered protests of various parties in Indonesia, including artists Reog Ponorogo origin stating that copyright Reog art has been listed with the number 026 377 dated February 11, 2004, and thus known by the Minister of Justice and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia. Information was also found that the peacocks suddenly looked at the official site is craftsman-made Ponorogo. Thousands of artists Reog had demonstrated in front of the Malaysian Embassy in Jakarta. The Indonesian government said it would investigate the matter further.
In late November 2007, Malaysian Ambassador to Indonesia Datuk Zainal Abidin Muhammad Zain said that the Malaysian Government has never claimed Reog Ponorogo as the country's indigenous culture. Reog called "Barongan" in Malaysia can be found in Johor and Selangor, because Java was taken by the people who migrate to these countries.
Reog (Sunda)
Reog in West Java is the name for a form of Sundanese arts.
History
In Indonesia, this kind reog introduced nationally by BKAK Reog Group, a group of Police (formerly: Police Force). The players are Udi Mang, Mang Diman, Mang and Mang Dudung Day. Or about the year 1967 appears Joiner Reog Women with characters Mr. and Mrs. Anah Emen and possibilities in the area of emerging art lainyapun reog not only be clearly recorded.
Characteristic
Old games ranging from one to one and a half hours. For there are also songs waditra drummer with equipment such as two saron, drums, fiddle, Goong, xylophone etc. which serves as the accompanist of her songs as a distraction or complement.
Current Reog reog indeed different from ancient times, little has been developed can be seen from the number of personnel and musical instruments used. Musical instruments are in use at Reog Reog or there is a reference to Dogdog or ogel consisting of puppeteer, Vice, Beungbreung, Gudubrag, and kecrek (Markis), musical accompaniment Reog usually drums, Goong, torompet and Kacapi. In Reog development usually results in adding a musical instrument keyboard and guitar.
The current situation
This reog art loved by the people, especially people in rural and small urban communities because they contain elements of entertainment and fascination of the rhythm of drums. But now this group of players and his organization the harder it is to be found. Even so there they were usually from the older generation groups. Pertunjukannyapun less and less because there is no or very lack of a request to appear.
Although already sidelined, there are still many people who expect that the mass media such as; TVRI, and private television stations broadcast the kinds of art like this reog. Lastly, the Government has entered into a festival Reog Bandung Bandung, which was followed by around 32 groups and marks are still there Reog arts in the Sundanese community environment, especially in Bandung. Surely there must lainyapun area only in the absence of a coordinating or absence of such a meeting cause they do not appear festival or they only play on its surrounding environment.
